Hydraulic system It is an engineering system that uses liquid to transfer energy, and is widely used in various mechanical equipment, engineering vehicles, aerospace, industrial automation and other fields. It uses hydraulic oil as working medium, and uses pressure transmission and control to realize mechanical movement and force transmission and control. The composition, working principle, application field and advantages of the hydraulic system will be introduced in detail below.
Composition:
Hydraulic pump:
The hydraulic pump is responsible for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and providing a certain flow and pressure to the hydraulic system.
Actuator:
It includes hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor, which are used to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to realize linear or rotary motion.
Hydraulic valve:
It is used to control the flow, pressure and direction of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system, including one-way valve, overflow valve, proportional valve, etc.
Oil storage device:
It mainly includes oil tank, oil level gauge, oil filter, etc., which are used to store hydraulic oil and filter impurities.
Pipe connector:
It is used to connect the oil pipeline, hose and connector between hydraulic components to ensure the tightness and reliability of the hydraulic system.
Control elements:
It includes pressure gauge, flow meter, valve control device, etc., which is used to monitor and control the operating status of the hydraulic system.
working principle:
The working principle of the hydraulic system is based on Pascal's law, that is, in a closed liquid, any point where the pressure is transmitted to the liquid will be transmitted to other parts with the same size. The specific work process is as follows:
Hydraulic pump oil supply:
The hydraulic pump produces high-pressure hydraulic oil, which is sent to the pipeline in the hydraulic system.
Actuator movement:
The hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor to generate corresponding thrust or torque, thus realizing the movement of mechanical parts.
Hydraulic valve control:
The hydraulic valve controls the flow, pressure and direction of the hydraulic oil as required, and regulates the movement speed and position of the actuator.
Oil return and circulation:
After completion of the operation, the hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank for recycling, and at the same time, the hydraulic pump supplies oil again to form the circulating work of the hydraulic system.
Application field:
Machinery manufacturing:
In the fields of metallurgical machinery, lifting machinery, mold machinery, etc., it is used to realize the control and efficient movement of mechanical equipment.
Construction machinery:
For example, in construction machinery such as excavators, loaders, bulldozers, etc., it is used to realize the telescoping and lifting of dipper handles and hydraulic cylinders.
Aerospace:
In aircraft, rockets and other aircraft, it is used to control and adjust flaps, landing gear, control surface and other components.
Automotive industry:
It is widely used in automobile braking system, suspension system, gearbox and other aspects, improving the safety and comfort of automobiles.
Agricultural machinery:
In agricultural machinery such as tractors and harvesters, it is used to realize the up and down, forward and backward movement of hydraulic arms and control of operating parts.
Medical equipment:
In medical imaging equipment, operating table, medical robot and other equipment, it is used to achieve accurate positioning and movement of components.
Advantages:
High transmission efficiency:
The hydraulic system has high transmission efficiency and can realize the movement of mechanical parts quickly and smoothly.
Large transmission torque:
The hydraulic system can provide large thrust and torque, and is suitable for mechanical equipment with large power and load.
Multi point control:
It can control multiple actuating elements through hydraulic valves to meet the needs of complex mechanical systems.
Sensitive:
The response speed of the hydraulic system is fast, and the output force and movement speed can be rapidly adjusted, which is suitable for high-speed movement and frequent start stop scenarios.
Simple structure:
The hydraulic system has a relatively simple structure, easy maintenance and high reliability.
Hydraulic system plays an important role in engineering technology. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, precision and reliability, and has become an indispensable part of modern machinery manufacturing and control system. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the application field of hydraulic system will continue to expand, and its role in industrial production and life will become more prominent.
